Centennial of International Women's Day

March 8, 2011 marks the 100th anniversary of International Women's Day (IWD). First celebrated on March 19, 1911 by more than one million people in Austria, Denmark, Germany, and Switzerland after a proposal by Clara Zetkin [1857-1933] in 1910 at the second International Conference of Working Women in Copenhagen, IWD is now observed in many nations throughout the world.

The United Nations first began celebrating March 8 as IWD during International Women's Year in 1975, and in 1977 approved a resolution proclaiming a United Nations Day for Women's Rights and International Peace for member states. 2011 will also be the first IWD for UN Women, a new UN entity established in 2010 for gender equality and the empowerment of women.

Featured in the video above is Michelle Bachelet, Executive Director of UN Women. The UN's theme for IWD 2011 is "Equal Access to Education, Training, and Science and Technology: Pathway to Decent Work for Women."

Long Live Free-Form Radio! Long Live WFMU!

Appreciate free-form radio? Then consider supporting independent station WFMU during its annual fundraising Marathon that runs February 28 through March 13, 2011. WFMU first hit the airwaves on April 24, 1958 at the now-defunct Upsala College and has never looked back. Currently based in Jersey City, New Jersey, WFMU broadcasts at 91.1 Mhz and via a second signal at 90.1 Mhz in Mount Hope, New York. WFMU has also long been an Internet pioneer, streaming its programming 24/7 in multiple formats, including iPhone and Android. Past shows are archived at the station's website, which also features WFMU's entertaining and content-rich blog.

What is free-form radio you might ask? WFMU describes itself as follows:

WFMU's programming ranges from flat-out uncategorizable strangeness to rock and roll, experimental music, 78 RPM Records, jazz, psychedelia, hip-hop, electronica, hand-cranked wax cylinders, punk rock, gospel, exotica, R&B, radio improvisation, cooking instructions, classic radio airchecks, found sound, dopey call-in shows, interviews with obscure radio personalities and notable science-world luminaries, spoken word collages, Andrew Lloyd Webber soundtracks in languages other than English as well as country and western music.

And because WFMU is 100% listener-supported, with zero corporate, government, or other underwriting, WFMU DJs have for years maintained complete autonomy and control over their own programming, which is indeed extraordinarily eclectic. Check out the current WFMU audio smorgasbord, and see for yourself!

Note: The poster shown above was designed by Dave Cunningham for the 2002 Marathon. The premiums for this year's marathon can be viewed here.

UNC Heart Surgeon Dr. Benson Wilcox Honored

Valentine's Day is an appropriate day upon which to note that Dr. Benson Wilcox [1932-2010], a prominent cardiothoracic surgeon at the University of North Carolina for many years, has been honored with the renaming of the Special Collections Reading Room at the Health Sciences Library. Now known as The Benson Reid Wilcox Historical Collections Reading Room, the new name was approved by the UNC Board of Trustees on July 22, 2010; on January 14, 2011, a dedication ceremony, with family members, friends, and several library staff, was held to commemorate the occasion.

The Common Curator can personally attest to the contributions that Dr. Wilcox has made to the library's collections, both through his Rare Book Endowment and through the donation of over 1,400 volumes from his own personal library. The breadth and depth of the Wilcox Collection are truly remarkable, and make a significant impact upon students and researchers. An earlier post, Dr. Benson Wilcox: Surgeon, Scholar, Benefactor, describes this influence, and Dr. Wilcox' illustrious career is detailed in his obituary, also available at the Common Curator.

Note: The papier-mâché heart shown above was acquired with funds from the Wilcox Endowment. Designed by Dr. Louis Thomas Jérôme Auzoux (1797-1880) and fabricated circa 1870, this and similar anatomical models were an important tool in the teaching of human anatomy in the nineteenth century. As cultural, legal, and environmental concerns limited the efficacy of using cadavers for instruction, Auzoux pioneered the development of papier-mâché anatomical models, which were employed to represent the structures of humans, as well as animals and plants. For those interested in learning more, the Smithsonian Institution's online exhibition, Artificial Anatomy: Papier-Mâché Anatomical Models, is highly recommended.

Below are pictured three UNC medical students in the Wilcox Historical Collections Reading Room examining several early volumes from the rare book collections. All are members of the longstanding Bullitt History of Medicine Club, which Dr. Wilcox helped organize in the 1950s while himself a medical student.

120th Anniversary of Grant Wood's Birth

The 120th anniversary of the birth of artist Grant Wood [1891-1941] is today; born in Anamosa, Iowa on February 13, 1891, Wood died one day short of age 51 in Iowa City, where he had become a professor of art at the University of Iowa. Best known for "American Gothic (1930)," Wood is still widely admired and studied, with books such as American Gothic: The Biography of Grant Wood's American Masterpiece and Grant Wood: A Life appearing in recent years.

Although Wood worked successfully in a variety of media, the iconic American Gothic--parodied countless times, as a perfunctory web search will reveal--tends to overwhelm consideration of his work as a whole. The original painting, of course, is best viewed in person at the Art Institute of Chicago, which awarded Wood the Harris Bronze Medal at the 43th Annual Exhibition of American Paintings and Sculptures. American Gothic was also acquired by the Institute, for $300.

As an aside, the Common Curator had the good fortune to have an early solo exhibition of paintings at the Blanden Memorial Art Museum overlap with one featuring Grant Wood (and his contemporary and friend, Marvin Cone; see announcement above). While American Gothic was not then on display--it only rarely leaves Chicago--it was nonetheless a great honor to temporarily share the walls of the museum with Wood.

A memento of Wood's artistry, incidentally, is readily available to all in the form of a U.S. 25-cent piece. The State of Iowa utilized Wood's 1932 painting, Arbor Day, to design its entry in the U.S. state quarters series (below).

The Value of Jackson Pollock's "Mural"

Jackson Pollock [1912-1956] painted Mural in one energetic outburst in 1943 (or possibly 1944). Commissioned by Peggy Guggenheim, who gave him carte blanche, it is his largest work, measuring approximately 8' by 20', and arguably his finest. Pollock himself remarked that: "It was a stampede...[of] every animal in the American West, cows and horses and antelopes and buffaloes. Everything is charging across that goddamn surface." Guggenheim eventually donated Mural to the University of Iowa in October 1951, where it is today the centerpiece of the Art Museum's extensive collections.

The catastrophic flooding of the Iowa River in 2008, however, resulted in many of the collections being temporarily housed at the Figge Art Museum in Davenport, Iowa (where Mural is currently being featured in the exhibition: A Legacy for Iowa). In the aftermath of the flood, controversy ensued when Michael Gartner of the Iowa Board of Regents floated the notion of selling Pollock's Mural, which has an estimated value of $140 million. In the face of widespread opposition from the University, citizens of the state, and others, nothing came of this proposal.

Last week the idea of selling the painting resurfaced, with the introduction into the Iowa General Assembly of House Study Bill 84 by Representative Scott Raecker (R-Urbandale), who is Chair of the House Appropriations Committee. The bill proposes that:

The state board of regents shall provide for the sale of the Jackson
Pollock painting, “Mural”, held by the state university of Iowa. The proceeds from the sale shall be credited to a trust fund. Usage of the moneys in the trust fund shall be limited to providing scholarship assistance to undergraduate students at the university who are residents of this state and majoring in art.

Predictably, this has also met with staunch disapprobation. The University of Iowa's Faculty Senate President Ed Dove is quoted in the Press-Citizen (Iowa City) as stating: "Getting rid of that national asset, the Pollock painting, would be a disaster for the university." In addition to numerous local voices of opposition, the Association of Art Museum Directors, the American Association of Museums, the Association of Academic Museums and Galleries, and the Task Force on University and College Museums have issued a joint statement, which observes that:

[We] are alarmed to learn of the recent proposal to sell the Jackson
Pollock painting Mural to underwrite costs at the University of Iowa. Such a sale would violate a fundamental ethical principle of the museum field, one which all accredited museums are bound to respect: that an accessioned work of art may not be treated as a disposable financial asset.

University of Iowa President Sally Mason has forcefully spoken out against such an action in the past. We applaud this courageous stand and deplore the treatment of works of art held in trust for the public as a ready source of cash. We offer our support and call on the arts community to help prevent this permanent and irredeemable loss for the University and the people of the state of Iowa.

Given the fact that the Iowa Senate has a Democratic majority, the proposed bill is unlikely to pass--at least during the present legislative session.

For further reading on Pollock's masterpiece, the book Human Rights / Human Wrongs: Art and Social Change (Iowa City: The University of Iowa Museum of Art, 1986) is recommended. It contains two essays and a poem devoted to Pollock: "Pollock's Mural," by Prof. Rudolf Kuenzli (Comparative Literature); "Human Wrongs: Jackson Pollock's Mural," by Prof. Antonio R. Damasio (Neurology); and "Pollock and Canvas," by Jorie Graham (Iowa Writers' Workshop).

The Mercury Cougar-Rama Muscle Car-'Splosion

Musician Neko Case is joining forces with 826 National to present the Mercury Cougar-Rama Muscle Car-'Splosion. Case is donating her classic 1967 automobile, featured on the cover of her album Middle Cyclone, for a drawing to benefit the organization's tutoring, writing, and publishing programs for students aged 6 to 18. The organization originated with 826 Valencia in San Francisco, and has grown to include centers in New York, Los Angeles, Ann Arbor, Chicago, Seattle, Boston, and Washington, D.C. Using a project-based teaching model, the educational programs emphasize creative collaboration and result in student ownership of final products such as newspapers, films, and books. Collectively the various centers worked with 24,000 students in 2010.

Case explains her motivation for aiding 826 National thusly:

Reading saved my life. As a kid, books sparked my imagination and gave me a place to look forward to outside of my bad situation and poverty. I did not go to good schools and never graduated high school (though I did end up getting my G.E.D. and graduated from university), but I still had books. Reading led me to writing and writing to music and art. It exploded my world of possibilities. All those disciplines are intertwined and become more powerful the more you use them together. You become fascinated by the world of learning and suddenly, there is nothing you can't do. They prop open the doorway to ANY path, be it the art of tying knots or astrophysics.

826 gives young folks the opportunity to see their own works PUBLISHED, tangible and important. I want all young people to see the path illuminate before them as their self-worth grows. 826 is a positive AND challenging place for young minds from ALL different backgrounds. 826 also strives to raise the profile of teachers in America, and celebrate them as the superstars they are! I am so proud to be a part of this event, and I hope to do 826 proud with this drawing.

Beginning on Monday, March 14, 2011, 826 National will draw a prize a day for five other lucky winners, and the car will be drawn on Friday, March 18, 2011. Tickets are available for $45 apiece (or two for $75, three for $100). Further details for the drawing are available on the web sites of Neko Case and 826 National.

Route Announcement for RAGBRAI XXIX

Live video [January 29, 2011 only] of the route announcement party for RAGBRAI XXIX, the 39th annual Register's Great Bicycle Ride Across Iowa. The ride takes place during the last full week of July, which this year will be July 24-30, 2011. RAGBRAI's web site provides information on all aspects of the ride, including its long history since its inception in 1973.
Update: As announced on January 29, 2011, the route for RAGBRAI XXIX will traverse a total of 454 miles, climb a total of 20,206 feet, and feature the following host communities: Glenwood, Atlantic, Carroll, Boone, Altoona, Grinnell, Coralville, and Davenport.

The Wapsipinicon Almanac Fresh Off the Press

Volume 17 of the Wapsipinicon Almanac is now available for consumption. Published and printed since 1988 by Timothy Fay of Route 3 Press (Anamosa, Iowa), the present issue, as with previous numbers, features an engaging mix of essays, reviews, fiction, poetry, art, wit and wisdom. Ordering details are available on the Almanac's web site.

The cover shown here for the new volume is based on an original scratchboard drawing by Stone City artist Nancy Lindsay. Previous covers and contents pages, as well as a brief history of the Almanac, can be viewed at the web site.

Fifty Years after Ike's Farewell

Fifty years ago today, on January 17, 1961, President Dwight D. Eisenhower delivered a televised Farewell Address to the nation, one that is recalled significantly for its introduction into political discourse of the phrase, "the military-industrial complex."

The Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library and Museum provides online access to the entire address (including an audio recording), and to many additional documents that are related to its preparation and to its subsequent reception over a period lasting to the present era.

On January 19, 1966, for instance, a statement was entered into the Congressional Record that was entitled, "Statement on Fifth Anniversary of President Eisenhower's Farewell Address by Special Committee on the Military-Industrial Complex of the American Veterans Committee [PDF]." The speech, it is noted, was "wholeheartedly" endorsed by the Committee, who intended "to use its energy and resources to study the military-industrial complex in its many manifestations for the Nation."

Image source: Farewell address by President Dwight D. Eisenhower, January 17, 1961; Final TV Talk 1/17/61 (Page 15), Box 38, Speech Series, Papers of Dwight D. Eisenhower as President, 1953-61, Eisenhower Library; National Archives and Records Administration.

The Quest for Peace and Justice

To commemorate this year's Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, here is a passage from Dr. King's Nobel Lecture, "The Quest for Peace and Justice," that he delivered on December 11, 1964 upon receiving the 1964 Nobel Peace Prize:

There is a sort of poverty of the spirit which stands in glaring contrast to our scientific and technological abundance. The richer we have become materially, the poorer we have become morally and spiritually. We have learned to fly the air like birds and swim the sea like fish, but we have not learned the simple art of living together as brothers.

Every man lives in two realms, the internal and the external. The internal is that realm of spiritual ends expressed in art, literature, morals, and religion. The external is that complex of devices, techniques, mechanisms, and instrumentalities by means of which we live. Our problem today is that we have allowed the internal to become lost in the external. We have allowed the means by which we live to outdistance the ends for which we live. So much of modern life can be summarized in that arresting dictum of the poet Thoreau: "Improved means to an unimproved end". This is the serious predicament, the deep and haunting problem confronting modern man. If we are to survive today, our moral and spiritual "lag" must be eliminated. Enlarged material powers spell enlarged peril if there is not proportionate growth of the soul. When the "without" of man's nature subjugates the "within", dark storm clouds begin to form in the world.

This problem of spiritual and moral lag, which constitutes modern man's chief dilemma, expresses itself in three larger problems which grow out of man's ethical infantilism. Each of these problems, while appearing to be separate and isolated, is inextricably bound to the other. I refer to racial injustice, poverty, and war.

The entire speech, along with numerous related documents, can be read on the Nobel Foundation's web site. It is noted there that King's lecture was not printed in its entirety when first reported in the New York Times, but was instead excerpted.

Documentation for all Nobel Peace Prize winners, as well as laureates in all fields, can also be found on the Foundation's site. President Obama, the Peace Prize winner in 2009, cited King among others in his Nobel Lecture entitled, "A Just and Lasting Peace." The text and video for Obama's lecture are both available online. Liu Xiaobo, the Peace Prize winner in 2010, is imprisoned by the Chinese government and did not attend last month's ceremonies. The Nobel site does, however, contain the text of Liu's document, "I Have No Enemies: My Final Statement."

National Archives Offers "Today's Document" as Mobile App

The National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) is now offering a mobile version of Today's Document, which is featured on the NARA web site. The application provides access to 365 documents and photographs, with background information available for each, among other functionalities.

The document for today happens to be a portrait of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., who was born on January 15, 1929. Created by Betsy G. Reyneau, the painting is part of NARA's donated collections, Record Group 200.

Wikipedia Celebrates Tenth Anniversary

Wikipedia, the open access encyclopedia, is celebrating its tenth anniversary today, January 15, 2011, with hundreds of events scheduled around the world. Wikipedia's growth has been nothing less than phenomenal, with over 17 million articles of content distributed over 278 languages at present. English is the largest Wikipedia language, with over 3.5 million articles.

Wikipedia is hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation, which also sponsors numerous other projects, such as Wiktionary, Wikiquote, Wikibooks, Wikimedia Commons, etc.

For previous Wikipedia-related posts, click here.

National Film Registry Adds 25 Films for 2010

Established by the National Film Preservation Act of 1988 (Public Law 100-446), the National Film Preservation Board is an advisory body for the Librarian of Congress. The Board helps shape national film preservation planning policy, and also recommends films for the National Film Registry, including 25 additional films just named for 2010. Chosen for their cultural, historic, or aesthetic significance, this year's selections cover a wide gamut of genres and time periods. The earliest, Newark Athlete, was produced in 1891 at the Edison Laboratory in West Orange, New Jersey. The entire 2010 list follows:

1990s
Study of a River (1996)
Malcolm X (1992)

1980s
Airplane (1980)
The Empire Strikes Back (1980)

1970s
Saturday Night Fever (1977)
All the President’s Men (1976)
Grey Gardens (1976)
The Exorcist (1973)
McCabe and Mrs. Miller (1971)

1960s
I Am Joaquin (1969)
Our Lady of the Sphere (1969)
Electronic Labyrinth: THX 1138 4EB (1967)
The Pink Panther (1964)

1950s
Cry of Jazz (1959)

1940s
Let There Be Light (1946)
A Tree Grows in Brooklyn (1945)
Tarantella (1940)

1930s
Make Way For Tomorrow (1937)
It’s a Gift (1934)
The Front Page (1931)

1920s
Lonesome (1928)

1910s
The Bargain (1914)
Preservation of the Sign Language (1913)

1900s
A Trip Down Market Street (1906)

1890s
Newark Athlete (1891)

Further information on the Registry as well as the films themselves can be found on the Library of Congress' web site. All 500+ films selected for the Registry since 1989 can also be browsed online.

In January 2011, "These Amazing Shadows," an independently produced documentary by Gravitas DocuFilms, will premiere at the Sundance Film Festival. It documents the history and cultural significance of the National Film Registry since its inception. More information can be found at the documentary's website.

The End of an Era for Kodachrome Film

Dwayne's Photo in Parsons, Kansas will be processing the last roll of Kodachrome film today, December 30, 2010. Eastman Kodak manufactured Kodachrome film in a variety of formats for still and motion picture cameras from 1935 until 2009, when it announced that further production would cease due to diminished demand. Countless photographers greatly valued Kodachrome, which offered significant archival stability among other positive qualities. Dwayne's Photo was the last certified facility to continue developing the film--until today's deadline. The shirt pictured here commemorates a few highlights from Kodachrome's long history: Paul Simon recorded the song, "Kodachrome" in 1973, and the Kodachrome Basin State Park adopted its name after a photoessay of the Utah park appeared in the September 1949 issue of National Geographic.

University of Iowa To Offer MFA Program in the Book Arts

The University of Iowa's Center for the Book received approval earlier this month to begin offering a Master of Fine Arts (MFA) degree in Book Arts beginning Fall 2011. The Center has long offered a graduate certificate, and will soon join the University of Alabama at Tuscaloosa, the University of the Arts in Philadelphia, Columbia College in Chicago, and Mills College in Oakland, California as one of just a handful of institutions with a graduate program in the book arts. Iowa's program is notable for its breadth and depth, as well as its collaborative approach, drawing on significant university resources and faculty in papermaking, printing, calligraphy, bookbinding, digital technologies, and the history of the book. More information on Iowa's Center for the Book can be found at the Center's web site.

See related blog post on the Center's Timothy Barrett: Papermaker Named MacArthur Fellow.